科學 訊息

At the beginning of the 20th century, the invention of X-ray imaging provided a leap of knowledge in medical science. Since then, we can see how our body's bones work, bringing numerous new treatments to light.

微機電系統 (MEMS) 是將各種組件（例如微型感測器、電子裝置和致動器）整合到單一晶片上的微型設備。事實證明，這些小型設備在精確檢測生物訊號、加速度、力和其他測量方面非常有前景。

On Sept. 13, 1944, researchers subjected a Bell P-39L Airacobra to frigid temperatures and a freezing water spray in the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)'s new Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) to study inflight ice buildup. Since that first run at the Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory (now NASA's Glenn Research Center) in Cleveland, the facility has operated on a regular basis for 80 years and remains the oldest and one of the largest icing tunnels in the world.

New research introduces a method to improve the accuracy and speed of dynamic emotion recognition using a convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze faces. The work undertaken by Lanbo Xu of Northeastern University in Shenyang, China, could have applications for mental health, human-computer interaction, security, and other areas.

Across all species, critical skills are passed on from parents to offspring through communication. Researchers at the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) and the Researchers at the University of Bonn showed that effective communication relies on how both the sender and receiver represent information. Their study reveals how this process underlies training efficacy and task performance. Their results have been published in the journal Nature Communications.

A new protective shirt geared to the needs of wildland firefighters has been developed by University of Alberta researchers. The prototype garment offers more protection than the current version commonly worn by workers who fight wildfires, says Elena Kosareva, who designed the shirt to earn a Ph.D. in textile and apparel science from the Faculty of Agricultural, Life & Environmental Sciences.

Researchers at the Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics (IAP), Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and collaborators have designed a new supercapacitor that can be charged by light shining on it. Such supercapacitors can be used in various devices, including streetlights and self-powered electronic devices such as sensors.

Prof. Kaichen Xu and his coworkers from Zhejiang University have developed a novel method to integrate sensor systems directly into engineering thermoplastics using laser technology. Their breakthrough offers the potential for improved safety and extended service life of critical equipment across various industries, including aerospace, automotive, health care, and transportation.

Deep learning (DL) has significantly transformed the field of computational imaging, offering powerful solutions to enhance performance and address a variety of challenges. Traditional methods often rely on discrete pixel representations, which limit resolution and fail to capture the continuous and multiscale nature of physical objects. Recent research from Boston University (BU) presents a novel approach to overcome these limitations.

Li-ion batteries can present major hazards, with the notion of safety based on narrow criteria. A meta-analysis of thermal runaway gas emissions by Sheffield researchers, published in the Journal of Energy Storage improves understanding and highlights the need for a broader analysis of risks.

A new ultra-small electronic nose (e-nose) that operates on ultralow power opens up possibilities for applications in various fields, such as air quality monitoring, health diagnostics, food safety, and environmental protection.

A wearable 'smart' choker for speech recognition has the potential to redefine the field of silent speech interface (SSI), say researchers—thanks to embedded ultrasensitive textile strain sensor technology.

The transportation sector is still among the main sources of air pollution and climate change on Earth, accounting for approximately 59% of oil consumption and 22% of CO2 emissions. Identifying effective strategies to limit the fuel consumed by vehicles could thus contribute to reducing pollution while also addressing global energy shortages.

Honesty is the best policy… most of the time. Social norms help humans understand when we need to tell the truth and when we shouldn't, to spare someone's feelings or avoid harm. But how do these norms apply to robots, which are increasingly working with humans? To understand whether humans can accept robots telling lies, scientists asked almost 500 participants to rate and justify different types of robot deception.

Surging demand for the data and processing power of artificial intelligence is putting a hidden strain on U.S. electrical grids.

Butterflies can see more of the world than humans, including more colors and the field oscillation direction, or polarization, of light. This special ability enables them to navigate with precision, forage for food and communicate with one another. Other species, like the mantis shrimp, can sense an even wider spectrum of light, as well as the circular polarization, or spinning states, of light waves. They use this capability to signal a "love code," which helps them find and be discovered by mates.

In simulated life-or-death decisions, about two-thirds of people in a UC Merced study allowed a robot to change their minds when it disagreed with them—an alarming display of excessive trust in artificial intelligence, researchers said.

In the rapidly evolving world of 3D printing, the pursuit of faster, more efficient and versatile production methods is never-ending. Traditional 3D printing techniques, while groundbreaking, are often time-consuming and limited in the kinds of materials they can use as feedstock.

One of the most critical safety concerns for electric vehicles is keeping their batteries cool, as temperature spikes can lead to dangerous consequences.

Windows, the vital conduits between indoor spaces and the external environment, also serve as primary entry points for harmful light waves and electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, managing light transmission and scattering typically requires different material systems and devices.