华为起诉美国联邦通信委员会
Huawei Hits Back at the F.C.C. With Legal Challenge

SHENZHEN, China — Huawei, the Chinese technology powerhouse, is challenging the Federal Communications Commission in court for choking off its sales in the United States, the latest in the besieged company’s widening efforts to hit back at regulators and critics across the globe.
中国深圳——因其产品在美国销售受阻，中国科技巨头华为正向联邦通信委员会（Federal Communications Commission, 简称FCC）发起挑战，这是这家备受困扰的公司回击全球监管机构和批评人士的广泛努力中的最新举措。

The F.C.C. voted last month to bar American telecommunications companies from using federal subsidies to buy equipment from Huawei and another Chinese supplier, ZTE. Washington considers both firms to be national security risks.
FCC上个月投票禁止美国电信公司使用联邦补贴从华为和另一家中国供应商中兴购买设备。华盛顿认为，这两家公司均构成国家安全风险。

Large wireless providers such as Verizon and AT&T have long shunned the companies’ gear. But carriers in remote, rural parts of the United States have depended on it for years. The F.C.C. rule could force them to find pricier replacements.
诸如威瑞森（Verizon）和AT&T这样的大型无线供应商长期以来一直回避华为和中兴的设备。但是，美国偏远农村地区的运营商多年来一直依赖这两家公司的设备。FCC的裁决可能会迫使他们寻找更昂贵的替代品。

“The F.C.C. claims that Huawei is a security threat. But F.C.C. Chairman Ajit Pai has not provided any evidence,” Song Liuping, Huawei’s chief legal officer, said during a news conference on Thursday at the company’s headquarters in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen.
“FCC声称华为构成安全威胁，但FCC主席Ajit Pai却没有提供任何证据，”华为首席法务官宋柳平周四在该公司位于深圳的总部举行的新闻发布会上说。

“This is a common trend in Washington these days,” Mr. Song said. “The F.C.C.’s order violates the Constitution, and we have no choice but to seek legal remedy.”
“这是美国政府近来惯用的做法，”宋柳平说。“FCC的这一决定违反了美国宪法，我们别无选择，只能诉诸法律行动。”

The Trump administration has led an all-out effort to keep Huawei, the world’s largest supplier of telecom equipment, out of wireless networks in the United States and globally. American officials believe the Chinese government could use the company for espionage, an accusation the firm denies. Washington’s clampdown on Huawei has become a sticking point in trade talks with Beijing, which is demanding clemency for one of China’s leading corporate champions.
特朗普政府正竭力让全球最大的电信设备供应商华为脱离美国和全球的无线网络系统。美国官员认为，中国政府可能利用该公司进行间谍活动，该公司否认了这一指控。华盛顿对华为的压制已成为其与北京进行贸易谈判的一个关键所在，北京要求美国赦免华为——中国最领先的企业之一。

Huawei already sued the United States government earlier this year, challenging a spending law that blocked federal agencies from doing business with it. The company has also increased its lobbying activities in Washington and filed defamation complaints in France against a researcher who suggested the company was state-controlled.
华为已在今年早些时候起诉美国政府，对一项限制联邦机构与其开展业务的法案提出挑战。该公司还增加了在华盛顿的游说活动，并在法国对一名研究人员提出诽谤投诉，该研究人员认为该公司是由国家控制的。

For Huawei, mounting a legal challenge against the F.C.C. lends heft to its protestations that Washington is treating it unfairly, said Julian Ku, a professor of law at Hofstra University. The potential benefits to the company are probably worth the small risk that it will be required, in legal discovery, to reveal information about its inner workings, Mr. Ku said.
霍夫斯特拉大学（Hofstra University）法学教授朱利安·库（Julian Ku）表示，对华为而言，对FCC提出法律挑战增加了其抗议的分量，该公司认为遭到了华盛顿的不公平对待。朱利安·库说，该公司能获得的潜在利益也许值得承担在证据开示阶段要求其披露内部运作信息的小风险。

“They want to show their customers in the U.S. that they’re a serious company, that they’re not an outlaw,” he said. “Even a small victory in the case, one that makes the F.C.C. go and start the process over again, would be a huge victory for them.”
“他们想向美国的顾客表明，华为是一家正经的公司，不是非法的，” 他说。“即使在案件中取得了小小的胜利，使FCC重头开始这个程序，对华为来说也将是巨大的胜利。”

Still, courts generally give federal agencies wide leeway to interpret the law, Mr. Ku said. “There’s usually a tremendous amount of deference.”
尽管如此，朱利安·库表示，法院通常仍会给予联邦机构解释法律的宽泛余地。 “通常会有大量的遵从空间。”

Huawei filed its petition for review in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which covers the region that includes Huawei’s American headquarters in Plano, Texas. The company asked the court to hold the F.C.C.’s order unlawful because the commission did not offer it due process protections before designating it a security threat.
华为向美国联邦第五巡回上诉法院提请复议，该巡回法院的辖区包括华为美国总部所在的德克萨斯州普莱诺。该公司要求法庭将FCC的裁决判为非法，因为该委员会在认定华为为安全威胁之前，并未为其提供正当的程序保护。

“Carriers across rural America — in small towns in Montana, Kentucky, and farmers in Wyoming — they choose to work with Huawei because they respect the quality and integrity of our equipment,” Mr. Song said.
“美国农村地区的运营商，包括蒙大拿和肯塔基的小镇、怀俄明的农场等地区的运营商，选择与华为合作，因为他们认可华为设备的质量和安全性，”宋柳平说。

Huawei is embarking upon this new legal battle at a moment when, despite the onslaught from Washington and apprehension in other world capitals, the company’s fortunes appear to be looking up.
在华为开始这场新的法律斗争时，尽管遭受了来自华盛顿的猛烈打击，以及来自世界其他首府的忧虑，但该公司的际遇似乎正在不断转好。

The Commerce Department has begun allowing some American suppliers to resume selling parts and other technology to Huawei. Earlier this year the department had barred such sales without prior approval. Huawei’s business has remained steady over all, thanks to brisk sales of its smartphones and telecom equipment back home in China.
商务部已开始允许一些美国供应商恢复向华为出售零件和其他技术。今年早些时候，该部门曾禁止未经事先批准的此类销售。得益于其智能手机和电信设备在中国本土的旺盛销售，华为的业务总体上一直保持稳定。

Throughout the rest of the world, the company has been supercharging its efforts to court the sympathies of the public and of governments. Hundreds of journalists have been invited to visit Huawei’s campuses. The company’s founder and chief executive, Ren Zhengfei, has given interview after interview in which he assures the world that neither he nor his firm has anything to hide.
在世界其他地区，该公司一直在努力争取公众和政府的同情。数百名记者被邀请参观华为园区。该公司创始人兼首席执行官任正非多次接受采访，向全世界保证，他和他的公司没有什么可隐瞒的。

In Washington, Huawei has spent $1.9 million on lobbying so far this year, according to federal disclosures, dwarfing its past totals.
根据联邦政府的披露，在华盛顿，今年迄今为止，华为在游说方面的支出为190万美元，这使它过去的总支出相形见绌。

But the company has also lashed out against people who sully its image. In August, a Huawei lawyer sent The Wall Street Journal a letter saying that an article about the company’s activities in Africa contained “false and defamatory statements.” A Journal spokeswoman said the paper stood by its reporting.
但该公司还抨击了损害其形象的人。8月，一名华为律师给《华尔街日报》写了一封信，称关于该公司在非洲进行的活动的一篇文章中，包含“虚假和诽谤性陈述”。《华尔街日报》的一位女发言人说，该报支持自己的报道。

Huawei has also filed libel complaints in France against a researcher, Valérie Niquet of the Foundation for Strategic Research, a think tank in Paris. On a television talk show in February, Ms. Niquet said that Huawei was ultimately controlled by the Chinese government.
华为还在法国对巴黎一家智库“战略研究基金会”的研究员倪雅玲（Valerie Niquet）提起了诽谤诉讼。倪雅玲在2月的一次电视脱口秀节目中说，华为本质上是由中国政府控制的。

In China, she said, “there is no company that is truly capitalist in the sense that we understand it.”
她说，在中国，“没有一家公司是真正的我们理解的那种资本主义。”

After Huawei’s complaint against Ms. Niquet came to light last month, the Foundation for Strategic Research said it supported its researchers’ right to free expression. French officials said recently that the nation would not follow the United States in barring Huawei from its telecom networks.
在上个月华为对倪雅玲的诉讼曝光后，战略研究基金会表示支持其研究人员的言论自由权。法国官员最近表示，该国不会跟随美国禁止华为进入其电信网络。

In a telephone interview this week, Ms. Niquet said she was surprised when she received notice, in September, of the company’s legal complaints against her. “There is such a disproportion between a researcher and a mighty company such as Huawei,” she said.
倪雅玲在本周的一次电话采访中表示，当她在9月收到华为针对她的诉讼通知时，她感到很惊讶。“一名研究员与像华为这样强大的公司之间是如此不相称，”她说。

Since then, she has avoided traveling to China, she said. But, she added, “I will go on working on China, as I have for decades now.”
她说，自那时开始，她一直避免前往中国。但她补充说：“我将继续研究中国，就像过去几十年来一样。”

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