科学 ニュース

More than 2 billion people around the world do not have access to safe, uncontaminated drinking water. Around 418 million of them live in African countries.

When you ask a rideshare app to find you a car, the company's computers get to work. They know you want to reach your destination quickly. They know you're not the only user who needs a ride. And they know drivers want to minimize idle time by picking up someone nearby. The computer's job, says Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Associate Professor Saket Navlakha, is to pair drivers with riders in a way that maximizes everyone's happiness.

Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) technology holds significant potential for greenhouse gas detection, due to its advantages of non-contact, real-time measurements. However, the technical bottleneck of cross-interference in gas absorption spectra has significantly constrained the development and application of this technique in simultaneous measurement of multi-component gases.

UCLの研究者によって行われた研究は、さまざまな業界関連の処理条件下でのLPBF中の蒸気の落ち込みの形状とスパッタのダイナミクスとの関連性を明らかにし、説明しています。

人工知能は自動運転車の重要なテクノロジーです。意思決定、センシング、予測モデリング、その他のタスクに使用されます。しかし、これらの AI システムは攻撃に対してどれほど脆弱なのでしょうか?

A new study has found that intelligence, in the form of general cognitive abilities such as perception, thinking and remembering, is more important than hitherto thought at predicting a person's ability to complete common tasks with a PC. The study was published in the International Journal of Human-Computer Studies in August 2024.

Researchers at the University of Toronto have found that using virtual and augmented reality (VR and AR) can temporarily change the way people perceive and interact with the real world—with potential implications for the growing number of industries that use these technologies for training purposes.

In the past two decades, technological leaps in urban infrastructure have driven an explosion of convenience and industry in services such as ride-hailing and delivery of goods.

Alberta Machine Intelligence Institute (Amii) の研究者チームは、機械学習における謎めいた問題についてさらに明らかにしました。この発見は、現実世界で効果的に機能する高度な AI の構築に向けた大きな一歩となる可能性があります。

Photovoltaics are set to meet over 40% of Switzerland's electricity needs by 2050. But solar power isn't always available when it's needed: there's too much of it in summer and too little in winter, when the sun shines less often and heat pumps are running at full tilt. According to the Swiss federal government's Energy Strategy, Switzerland wants to close the winter electricity gap with a combination of imports, wind and hydropower as well as alpine solar plants and gas-fired power plants.

推論とは、人間が精神的に情報を処理して特定の結論を引き出したり、問題を解決したりするプロセスであり、主に 2 つのカテゴリに分類できます。演繹的推論として知られる最初のタイプの推論では、一般的な規則または前提から開始し、次にこの規則を使用して特定のケースについて結論を導き出します。

Optical illusions, quantum mechanics and neural networks might seem to be quite unrelated topics at first glance. However, in new research published in APL Machine Learning, I have used a phenomenon called "quantum tunneling" to design a neural network that can "see" optical illusions in much the same way humans do.

A team of engineers at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in China has designed, built and independently tested an all-perovskite tandem solar cell with record efficiency. Their paper is published in the journal Nature Communications.

Scientists say they have developed a structure that can absorb and reduce vibrations of engineering and mechanical gadgets more effectively than conventional systems hitherto used to contain the trembling of machines and devices across various industries.

有望な光電子特性を備えた多用途の材料であるペロブスカイトをベースにした太陽電池は、徐々に商業化に向けて進んでいます。これらの太陽電池は、より高い電力変換効率やより低い製造コストなど、既存の太陽電池設計に比べて顕著な利点を備えていますが、逆バイアス条件では性能が大幅に損なわれることが判明しています。

Taking inspiration from nature, researchers from Princeton Engineering have improved crack resistance in concrete components by coupling architected designs with additive manufacturing processes and industrial robots that can precisely control materials deposition.

Most urban transit systems have a brief window of time in the wee hours of the morning to perform maintenance work without disrupting passenger service.

South Africa is at a pivotal moment in its energy transition: trying to decarbonize its economy (move away from coal) and make sure that everyone has access to reliable and affordable energy. Storage of renewable energy is very important for this transition. Solar and wind power are not available all the time. To keep the national grid stable, renewable energy must be stored somewhere and supplied reliably.

Rice University researchers have developed a smart material that adjusts its transparency with changes in temperature, outperforming similar materials in terms of durability, transparency and responsiveness. The new polymer blend could significantly enhance energy efficiency for indoor space cooling, according to a new study published in Joule.

To fight stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD), which infects and kills corals already weakened by climate change, scientists are turning to antibiotics.