科學 訊息

Economists and environmental scientists from Northumbria University have joined forces with regional leaders across the North East to co-design a renewable energy toolkit.

Wind energy—one of the fastest-growing and lowest-cost sources of electricity in the world—will play an important role in the transition to a carbon-free energy system. However, wind energy's growth must be planned with careful consideration of atmospheric physics, turbine design, and grid resilience, as well as environmental and social impacts. Finding solutions to these types of challenges will require experts to collaborate across their disciplines.

Aston University researchers have sent data at a speed that is 4.5 million times faster than the average home broadband. The rate is the fastest ever sent by opening up specific new wavelength bands that are not yet used in fiber optic systems.

Humans are very good at spotting patterns, or repeating features people can recognize. For instance, ancient Polynesians navigated across the Pacific by recognizing many patterns, from the stars' constellations to more subtle ones such as the directions and sizes of ocean swells.

The use of recycled concrete and glass aggregates in concrete production has emerged as a highly promising means of increasing the recycling rate of waste materials—but durability issues have plagued some combinations of recycled ingredients.

Research published in the International Journal of Reasoning-based Intelligent Systems discusses a new approach to the identification of ingredients in photographs of food. The work will be useful in our moving forward on food safety endeavors.

If you visit southern Greece or Tunisia, you might notice lots of white rooftops and white buildings to reflect the intense heat and keep residents cooler.

Inspired by the medical bay of the USS Enterprise from "Star Trek," a research team from the University of Waterloo uses radar technology to monitor people's health while at the wheel, turning an ordinary car or truck into a mobile medical hub. The research paper, "Multibin Breathing Pattern Estimation by Radar Fusion for Enhanced Driver Monitoring," was published in IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.

Prof. Ge Ziyi's team at the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a novel multifunctional additive to passivate defects and promote charge carrier transport, thereby enhancing the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

A new method safely extracts valuable metals locked up in discarded electronics and low-grade ore using dramatically less energy and fewer chemical materials than current methods, report University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign researchers in the journal Nature Chemical Engineering. The paper is titled "Redox-mediated electrochemical liquid-liquid Extraction (e-LLE) for selective metal recovery."

Researchers have successfully transformed CO2 into methanol by shining sunlight on single atoms of copper deposited on a light-activated material, a discovery that paves the way for creating new green fuels.

A team led by Prof. Yao Hongbin from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) developed a high efficiency, high brightness warm white light-emitting diode (LED) based on copper-iodide cluster hybrids. Their work is published in Nature Photonics.

Next-generation advanced high/pulsed power capacitors urgently require dielectric materials with outstanding energy storage performance. (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based material, a typical lead-free ferroelectrics, has the characteristics of high polarization strength and excellent component compatibility, making it emerge as a potential candidate for energy storage applications.

Pairing cryptocurrency mining—notable for its outsize consumption of carbon-based fuel—with green hydrogen could provide the foundation for wider deployment of renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, according to a new Cornell University study.

Granular materials, those made up of individual pieces, whether grains of sand or coffee beans or pebbles, are the most abundant form of solid matter on Earth. The way these materials move and react to external forces can determine when landslides or earthquakes happen, as well as more mundane events such as how cereal gets clogged coming out of the box.

Attitude information, crucial in scientific and engineering fields, traditionally relies on instruments like gyroscopes for measurement, facing limitations in miniaturization and accuracy over time.

Underwater vehicles play a pivotal role in exploring and understanding our oceans, necessitating precise navigation capabilities. The acoustic Long-Baseline (LBL) system, vital for submarine positioning, faces limitations due to its high infrastructure costs and complex deployment, confining its utility to small areas. This challenge restricts underwater vehicles' ability to navigate over long distances with high precision.

A study published in Engineering introduces an innovative high-precision aerosol algorithm for a geostationary meteorological satellite.

In a study published in Nature Energy, Dr. Perla Balbuena and Dr. Jorge Seminario, professors in the Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering at Texas A&M University, developed a new method for understanding the impact of external pressure on lithium-metal batteries using quantum mechanics. A deeper understanding of the behavior of lithium ions under pressure can advance and improve lithium-metal battery fabrication processes to develop longer-lasting, more efficient battery technologies.

Firefighting is considered one of the most dangerous professions due to the extreme conditions and hazards that firefighters face. They must use personal protective clothing (PPC) and equipment (PPE) for safety. Despite advancements in protective gear, especially for thermal hazards, the increased weight and bulk have compromised firefighters' mobility and comfort, exacerbating the risk of overexertion, stress, and injury.